1. Figures of Speech 修辞格 P15-19

Simile 明喻：one thing is compared with another, usually using the word like, as.

Metaphor 暗喻 : when we make a direct comparison between one idea and another unrelated idea.

Alliteration 头韵 : when the same consonant sound (辅音) is repeated in words either next to or close to each other.

Assonance 半韵 : Assonance refers to the repetition of similar vowel sounds(元音) close to each other.

Personification 拟人 ：when a non-animate（无生命） object is given animate（有生命） characteristics.

Parallelism 排比 ： when we have an identical structure repeated one or more times.

Irony(and Sarcasm) 讽刺 : On one level, a person’s words do not match their intention; on another level, irony refers to the total situation.

Puns and wordplay 双关 : 有发音双关和词义双关。